Coercive Acts are adopted in London.

Also called the Intolerable Acts, the laws are approved by Parliament and signed into law by King George III. They include: the Administration of Justice Act, which requires that British officials and soldiers accused of crimes in the Colonies be tried in England; the Boston Port Bill, which closes the Port of Boston until the East India Company and customs office are reimbursed for losses resulting from the Boston Tea Party; the Regulating Act, which revokes the Massachusetts charter, gives the royal governor the power to appoint the Council and name sheriffs, moves the capital of the Massachusetts Bay Colony and custom house to Salem, and allows only one town meeting a year for the election of officers; and the Quartering Act, which allowed troops to be housed in private homes; and a law extending freedom for Catholics from Canada to the Ohio River.